- camera Ray Casting
- Ray-object intersections
- Ray-tracing transformed objects
- Lighting calculations
- Recursive ray tracing
camera ray casting
- finding ray direction for given pixel i and j
- ray has origin and direction
- find direction given camera params and i and j
- first construct coordinate frame

- a is given by eye – center
- b is the up vector
- camera direction is w or -w
- ray also moves certain direction along the u and v

from this get the ray :
Shading Model

Recursive Ray Tracing
For each pixel
trace primary ray, find intersection
trace secondary shadow ray to all lights
- color = visible ? illmodel : 0
trace reflected ray
- color += reflectivity * color of reflected ray (recursion)